The relative efficacy of a global marketing strategy vis-à-vis a tailored marketing strategy remains one of the hotly debated issues of international marketing. As is the case in any debate, polarizing arguments for (or against) each abound. Proponents of a global strategy point to the increasing homogenization of customer tastes and preferences and suggest that significant economies of scale can be attained by standardized products marketing world wide (Levitt 1983). Critics, on the other hand, dismiss the potential of a global strategy and underscore economic, environmental and other cultural differences among nations as impediments to its implementation. They argue that reflect adaptation strategy to market-country differences will generate improved response (Kotler 1986).

Often overlooked in this fierce debate is a middle ground approach that takes into account not only differences or similarities among both markets but. As Quelch and Hoff (1986) point out, the real issue is not whether to standardize but rather how to tailor the global marketing strategy. Indeed, reliance on a global strategy can result in missing out on important target markets and positioning inappropriate. Likewise customizing marketing strategy to individual countries implies loss of potential economies of scale as well as exploitation opportunities for product ideas on a scale against (White Lock and Chung 1989).

The writings of recent genre suggest that comprehensive and tailored strategies are not necessarily mutually exclusive and that they can be used in tandem to reap the maximum benefits. In this vein, Jain (1989) and Kale and Sudharshan (1987) offers interactivity Market segmentation approach to world markets and point to the feasibility of identifying homogeneous segments which transcend national boundaries. Once identified these so-called strategic segments equivalent (Kale and Sudharshan 1987) can be reached via global marketing strategies aimed at different cross-national segments (Verhagen, Dahringer and Cundiff 1989). The idea of reconciling the different viewpoints of global marketing strategies and tailored intuitively appealing and is certainly represents a significant forward link in the design of multinational marketing strategies. However, the empirical support to middle ground viability of this approach is evidence to scanty and its Effect comes mainly in the form of anecdotes (Ohmae 1985, White Lock, 1987).

The study reported here is intended to partially fill in this void. Specifically, consumers in six countries including the United States, Mexico, The Netherlands, Turkey, Thai and Saudi Arabia were studied for InterBase Market segmentation on the basis of two criteria, perceived risk and brand loyalty (Kreutzer 1988). Consumers were questioned about their degree of perceived risk and loyalty for two brand products, bath soap and toothpaste. These products were chosen since they are widely available in different brands and are purchased on a frequent basis by the consumers in these countries. It was maintained that the consumers in these countries are not sufficiently similar regarding the effects of risk perception on brand loyalty, the underlying rationale for a single global marketing strategy at least within the context of products here would disappear under consideration. On the contrary, such a circumstance would render the middle ground approach feasible.

Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode (IIM-K), is a three-day development programme (MDP) on project management on campus, in its Kunnamangalam near here on June 2. Saji Gopinath is coordinator of the program.

Objectives

The program is designed for people, the implementation of projects, planning and project monitoring and supervision in funding agencies and coordinate the implementation of projects.

The objectives of the programme, participants are familiar with different network technologies, project management in developing an understanding of tools and techniques for effective time management and economies of scale in the projects.

Hands-on Training

The programme also addresses various issues, including the allocation of resources, director of insecurity, project budgeting, monitoring and management market.

The training program Hands-on in the project management software is designed to equip participants with the skills needed to manage projects.

I am seventh semester student in civil engineering and I would like to know, the geographic information system (MIS). I would like information on the courses and job opportunities. — Prashanth, Bangalore

Powers of new technologies have evolved in recent years, greatly improved our ability to collect, store, manage, analyze and utilize information on the characteristics of the earth’s surface and combine with other types of economic problems , Social and environmental. These technologies include GIS, Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite and remote sensing. They penetrate every aspect of our lives. Developed countries have to make the fullest.

At the centre of GIS and GPS is the degree of high-quality training with specialists in the practical application of skills in a large number of economically viable software contains ArcInfo, ERDAS Imagine, ER-mapper, 3 and ArcGIS ArcView.

GIS is an electronic information system, integrated analyses and displays information based on geography. GIS systems are powerful visual display of qualifications, with the results of the analysis maps in a large number of economies of scale, starting with very large (accuracy within inches) at very low (only in Large precise Overview). GIS is considered the best technology to understand and solve problems related to government information has a geographic dimension - a street, a transport corridor, a river, a city.

Indian Space research is regarded as one of the best in the world and is unique among developing countries. India has around 150 companies GIS and many states, including Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat and recognized the potential of GIS and GPS. Hyderabad is the “GIS capital” of India. The starting point for building a successful career in GIS is a good education. These are classes in cartography, GIS, database management and programming. There are a number of certificate courses GIS for resolving the question of what classes, but each department offers courses GIS work is a good starting point.

Significant progress of interest for the chemical industry (CPI), no doubt, continue to arise in catalysis and other aspects of chemistry. But, as part of the industry to make the most of their duty draw similar progress in the engineering of chemical reactors.

Chemical Engineering reactor to understand:

(1) What chemical transformations should take place

(2) How will these changes occur quickly

(3) What is the best way to discover the desired changes

Based on this understanding, engineering reactor include the hardware and minutes of configurations operating system for the reactions desired, without compromising on safety, environmental and economic constraints. The hardware and operating system minutes were manipulated to ensure that the delivery (or elimination), materials and energy will be in the right place at the right time.

Clearly, various types of reactors and economies of scale in practice, are required to have an impact on the requirements specific to the desired reaction. Where the economy of scale is the main factor (for example, the production of fuels, polymers, fertilizers and cement, water and waste treatment …